• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a drive train (1) for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine (2), with at least one first electrical machine (8) whose motor shaft (12) is connected to a drive shaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (2) via a mechanical transmission (5 ), and with at least one between internal combustion engine (2) and first electric machine (8) in the drive train (1) arranged planetary gear (6) which the planetary gear sun gear (6a), ring gear (6d) and web (6c) with at least a planetary gear (6b), wherein the first electric machine (8) via at least one first coupling means (K1) with the planetary gear (6) is drive connectable, and the drive shaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (2) and the motor shaft (12) of first electric machine (8) parallel to each other, in particular on the same side with respect to the mechanical transmission (5) are arranged. In order to create a simple but flexible drive for ancillaries in the most space- and component-saving way, it is provided that the first coupling device (K1) is designed as a double clutch (7) with a first and a second clutch (9, 10), wherein the first switching clutch (9) is formed to connect the motor shaft (12) of the first electric machine (8) directly to the mechanical transmission (5), and the second switching clutch (10) is formed around the motor shaft (12) of the first electric machine (8) with a first planetary gear element, preferably with the sun gear (6a) to connect.
    公开号:AT512443A1
    申请号:T50233/2012
    申请日:2012-06-14
    公开日:2013-08-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 102012/50233 56423
    The invention relates to a drive train for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, with at least one first electric machine whose motor shaft is driveabverbindverbindbar with a drive shaft of the internal combustion engine via a mechanical transmission, as well as with at least one disposed between the engine and the first electric machine in the drive train planetary gear, which Planetary gear sun gear, ring gear and land with at least one planetary gear, wherein the first electric machine via at least a first clutch means is drive-connected to the planetary gear, and the drive shaft of the internal combustion engine and the motor shaft of the first electric machine parallel to each other, in particular on the same side in relation are arranged on the mechanical transmission.
    Internal combustion engines, which are designed with so-called downsizing concepts, have the disadvantage that the reduction in the number of cylinders leads to an increase in the rotational uniformity of the internal combustion engine. An increase in the moment of inertia of the flywheel is disadvantageous in terms of mass, space and acceleration behavior.
    From DE 2010 91 60 Ul an acceleration flywheel with flanged disconnectable clutch is known, the prime mover recharges the flywheel via an engaged clutch by turning with kinetic energy and after the work done with this energy, the clutch is turned off again.
    A motor vehicle hybrid drive device with an internal combustion engine is described in DE 32 45 045 A1, which is drivingly connected via a clutch and a Stufenioses transmission with at least one wheel. A flywheel energy storage can be connected via a clutch arrangement parallel to the internal combustion engine to the input of the continuously variable transmission. The adjustment range of the continuously variable transmission can be extended by a multi-step transmission. The transmission side arranged flywheel energy storage is not suitable to reduce the torsional vibration amplitude of the internal combustion engine to the transmission input shaft. 2
    The AT 11 653 Ul describes an internal combustion engine with a plurality of cylinders, with a crank case and at least one driven by the crankshaft flywheel. To compensate for flywheel mass nonuniformity with the least possible effort, without deteriorating the acceleration behavior of the internal combustion engine, the moment of inertia of the drive train can be changed by a switchable clutch between the flywheel and the crankshaft.
    WO 00/61965 Al describes a device for compensating vibrations of an internal combustion engine with a first and a second flywheel, which are in driving connection with the crankshaft, wherein the internal combustion engine with the first flywheel constantly and the second flywheel is temporarily in drive connection.
    From DE 33 12 105 Al a mass balancing device for internal combustion engines is known, which has balancing weights, which are arranged on the shaft driven by the crankshaft via a gear arrangement side waves. In order to achieve that a favorable compensation of the forces and moments of the reciprocating internal combustion engine without overcompensation is achieved both at low and at higher speeds, at least a portion of the balancing mass can be switched off in dependence on the rotational speed of the crankshaft. For this purpose, a clutch is provided which is disengaged when exceeding a predetermined speed of the crankshaft to shutdown at least balancing mass.
    Furthermore, DE 10 122 541 A1 describes a drive device with an internal combustion engine, at least one flywheel and a power transmission device. An optimal torsional vibration compensation can be achieved in that the internal combustion engine is connected via a transmission with periodically variable transmission ratio with the power transmission device.
    DE 195 42 764 Al describes a reciprocating internal combustion engine with means for compensating torsional vibrations of the second order, wherein the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine on its side facing away from the machine output via a universal joint with a flywheel to form an angle between
    Rotary axis of the flywheel and crankshaft axis is connected, which is selected with regard to optimal torsional vibration compensation.
    From WO 01/65094 Al a crankshaft with high vibration damping is known, wherein the crankshaft with a flywheel, a crankshaft start generator, whose rotor is designed as a torsional vibration damper, and a speed-adaptive Tilger versorer, which is so arranged on the crankshaft and each other in their damping and Tilgerwirkung are tuned that over the entire speed range of the crankshaft is given a minimum vibration amplitude at the crankshaft.
    DE 198 58 320 Al describes a starter generator for an internal combustion engine, with a housing in which a shaft is mounted, which is in operative connection with a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and a planetary gear, which is interposed between the shaft and a rotor. The starter-generator includes two clutches, the first of which connects between the rotor and the engine-starting shaft, and the second clutch connects between the shaft and the rotor for operating the generator, the two clutches being freewheels are formed. The planetary gear automatically switches depending on the starter or generator function, the translation in such a way that in the starter function is a torque gain. When the generator function starts in internal combustion engine operation, the torque reversal automatically causes a translation switchover to the lossless direct operation of the generator.
    JP 2004-011596 A discloses a starter-generator device, wherein the starter-generator is drive-connected via a traction mechanism and a planetary gear with an internal combustion engine. The planetary gear has a sun gear, Planetenträger with planetary wheels and a ring gear. Between the planet carrier and the ring gear an overrunning clutch is arranged. The sun gear can be fixed via a braking device.
    DE 198 41 590 A1 describes an arrangement and drive connection of ancillary units to an internal combustion engine, wherein a planetary gear and at least two different drive units are combined to form a preassembled attached to the engine module. This is one thing
    Auxiliary unit disposed on an end face of the planetary gear and rotatably connected with its drive shaft with the sun gear of the planetary gear, the other accessory arranged on the opposite end face of the planetary gear and rotatably connected with its drive shaft connected to the web input shaft of the planetary gear, in the mounting position of the module is in permanent drive connection via a drive train with a fixed ratio with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
    Furthermore, from the publications DE 199 11 924 A1 and DE 199 11 925 A1 a connection of ancillary components to an internal combustion engine is known, wherein in an accessory module at least two different ancillary components and their drive connections one above the other in two parallel to each other and to the axis of the crankshaft central axes in or are arranged on a module housing, which are laterally externally connected to the internal combustion engine and the rear of the flywheel housing and also receives a gear drive via which the driving connection is made from the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine to the drive connections of the ancillaries.
    Furthermore, from GB 759 215 B a gear transmission with at least one decoupled gear is known in which an elastomer element is arranged between a gear wheel and a gear ring.
    The object of the invention is to create a simple but flexible drive for ancillaries in the most space- and component-saving way possible. In this case further rotational irregularities in different operating ranges of the internal combustion engine should be optimally compensated without adversely affecting the acceleration behavior.
    According to the invention this is achieved in that the first coupling device can be formed as a double clutch with a first and a second clutch, wherein the first clutch is formed to connect the motor shaft of the first electric machine directly to the mechanical transmission, and the second clutch is formed to connect the motor shaft of the first electric machine with a first planetary gear elements, preferably with the sun gear.
    Preferably, at least a first drive shaft of a first auxiliary unit is drive-connected to the motor shaft of the electric machine, wherein preferably a second coupling device is arranged between the first drive shaft of the first auxiliary unit and the motor shaft of the electric machine.
    The electrical machine thus has an additional output, which is connected to a first auxiliary unit. Between the electric machine and the auxiliary unit there is an additional second coupling device to switch off the first auxiliary unit.
    The second coupling device may be formed by a - preferably electromechanical - first switchable shaft coupling or have such.
    A space-saving arrangement results when the first clutch device and the second clutch device are arranged on different end faces of the electric machine.
    The first auxiliary unit can be formed for example by a mechanical compressor, preferably a screw compressor, particularly preferably by a charge air compressor or an air conditioning compressor. The first auxiliary unit can be driven independently of the speed of the internal combustion engine via the electric machine, when the electric machine is decoupled from the internal combustion engine. In addition, the first accessory can be driven purely mechanically via two gear ratios, when the electric machine is connected to the internal combustion engine and driven by this.
    If the first auxiliary unit is formed by a charge air compressor, a high charge pressure can already be achieved at low engine speeds when the charge air compressor is coupled. In medium load points, the charge air compressor can be operated both electrically and mechanically - depending on the state of charge of the vehicle battery - and supports the exhaust gas turbine of the turbocharger when boost pressure buildup. At high speeds of the internal combustion engine, the charge air compressor is decoupled and the exhaust gas turbine alone generates the boost pressure. 6
    If the first auxiliary unit is formed by an air-conditioning compressor, the air-conditioning compressor can be operated electrically in start-stop mode. When the engine is started, the air conditioning compressor - depending on the state of charge of the vehicle battery - electrically and / or mechanically operated, or completely switched off on driver's request.
    It is particularly advantageous if a second drive shaft of a second auxiliary unit, preferably via a second switchable shaft coupling, can be drive-connected to the motor shaft of the electric machine, wherein preferably the first auxiliary unit is arranged in the axial direction between the electric machine and the second auxiliary unit. The second coupling device can be formed by a - preferably electromechanical - double clutch with a first and a second switchable shaft coupling. A particularly space- and parts-saving arrangement is possible if the first accessory has at least one hollow rotor which is drivingly connected to the first drive shaft designed as a hollow shaft, wherein the second drive shaft is at least partially disposed within the rotor and the first drive shaft and preferably the first auxiliary unit penetrates in the axial direction.
    The second auxiliary unit can be formed for example by a coolant pump. By coupling via the hollow first drive whale to the electric machine, the engine warm-up can be optimized. During cold start, the coolant pump is switched off. At full load in the area of overheating, the coolant pump can be driven at high speed via the electric machine. When the internal combustion engine is switched off, the coolant pump can also be operated as a trailing pump in order to protect thermally critical components such as cylinder head or exhaust gas turbine from overheating after full load operation. In addition, during start-stop operation, this dissipated heat can be used for interior heating. So far used additional coolant pumps could be eliminated.
    By combining the electric machine with a charge air compressor or air conditioning compressor designed first auxiliary unit and a second auxiliary unit formed by a coolant pump can by
    Operating point shift and optimal thermal management of the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine can be increased.
    The first and the second clutch are integrated in one component - the first clutch device forming a dual clutch. This, together with the parallel shafts and the arrangement on the same side with respect to the mechanical gear, allows a-in the axial direction-short design. The mechanical transmission is preferably designed as a form-locking transmission with a constant ratio, for example as a spur gear.
    It is preferably provided that a second planetary gear element, preferably the web, is fixedly connected to an intermediate shaft of the mechanical transmission, and that at least a third planetary gear element, preferably the ring gear, can be fixed by a braking device. By connecting the first planetary gear element with the motor shaft and fixing the ring gear thus a reduction between the gear shaft and the motor shaft can be achieved, so that the motor shaft rotates at a lower speed than the intermediate shaft.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that in the planetary gear, a second electric machine is integrated, the rotor with a planetary gear element - preferably connected to the ring gear - or formed integrally therewith. The second electric machine can be used to support the first electric machine, for example in boost mode, in order to provide additional drive torque. In this case, for example, be coupled to the second clutch, whereby the first electric machine with the sun gear and the second electric machine is rotatably connected to the ring gear. The internal combustion engine is connected via the Zwischenwelie with the web. By variably possible motor and / or generator operation of the two electric machines, a continuously variable flywheel mass due to the now possible different speeds of the electric machines can be realized.
    Alternatively or in addition to the second electric machine can be provided that in the planetary gear at least one flywheel is integrated, the flywheel with a planetary gear element - preferably with the 8th
    Ring gear - firmly connected or integrally formed with this. In this case, depending on the rotational irregularities to be compensated for, the first electric machine can be operated variably and at different rotational speeds by motor or generator, wherein preferably the first clutch is disengaged and the second clutch is engaged. The braking device is or remains open. About the speed variation of the first electric machine adjusts - together with the flywheel in the planetary gear - the desired inertia.
    The mechanical transmission is preferably arranged in the drive path between the internal combustion engine and an adjusting mechanism, preferably a manual transmission, wherein preferably between the mechanical transmission and the adjusting a third clutch is arranged to separate the drive train from the adjusting and the drive wheels.
    In order to drive the vehicle purely electrically by the first and / or second electric machine, the invention may be provided in a further embodiment, that in the drive path between the engine and mechanical transmission, a fourth clutch is arranged, with which the internal combustion engine are separated from the rest of the drive train can.
    This makes it possible to use the electric machine not only as a generator or as a starter for starting the internal combustion engine, but possibly also together with the second electric machine for driving the vehicle.
    By disengaging the fourth clutch thus electrical operation is possible.
    With the described arrangement, a load point shift of the internal combustion engine can be carried out to optimize the overall efficiency and to enable a changed operating strategy of the overall management.
    With the described configuration, different operating strategies are possible, wherein preferably the first clutch engaged in a first operating range of the internal combustion engine and the second clutch is disengaged, and the second clutch engaged in a second operating range of the internal combustion engine and the first clutch is disengaged. 9
    The first operating range of the internal combustion engine may be associated with at least a low speed range, preferably between 1200 and 2000 rpm, and at the same time a high part load or full load. The second operating range can be assigned to at least one low or medium part-load range of the high-speed internal combustion engine, preferably above 2000 rpm.
    Furthermore, the first clutch is engaged during the starting process of the internal combustion engine and the second clutch disengaged.
    Furthermore, a recuperation can be carried out particularly advantageously, in which case the first or the second clutch is engaged as a function of the state of charge of the electrical energy accumulator and the respective other clutch is disengaged. If the state of charge is sufficiently high, both first and second clutch can be disengaged, whereby friction losses can be avoided.
    In this way, different recuperation potentials - controllable depending on the state of charge of the electrical energy storage - can be realized.
    In order to realize, despite high loads, a relatively small dimensioning of the mechanical transmission, it is provided in a further development of the invention that the drive shaft is decoupled from the motor shaft, preferably from the intermediate shaft, in terms of vibration technology. In this case, at least one part, preferably at least one gear, sprocket or pulley of the mechanical transmission and / or the planetary gear at least have a decoupling element, wherein preferably the decoupling element is formed by an elastomeric element or a spring element in the drive train. As a result, small dimensions, low weight and low noise emission of the mechanical transmission can be made possible. Although the effect of the variable system for reducing the non-uniformity is somewhat smaller, but the load occurring in the drive much lower, whereby smaller gear widths are possible and an improved noise behavior can be realized. The decoupling can be done either for example on a gear or on several gears.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 10
    1 shows a drive train according to the invention in a first embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a drive train according to the invention in a second embodiment, FIG. 3 shows detail III from FIG. 1 or FIG.
    Fig. 4 shows the drive train in a section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 the detail III of Fig. 1 or 2 in a third embodiment, Fig. 6 shows the drive train in a section along the line VI - VI in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, the detail III of Fig. 1 or 2 in a fourth embodiment, Fig. 8 shows the drive train in a section along the line VIII - VIII in Fig. 5, Fig. 9 a drive train according to the invention in a fifth 10 shows a drive train according to the invention in a sixth embodiment, FIG. 11 shows the detail XI-XI from FIG. 9 or 10, and FIG. 12 shows a detail of a drive train according to the invention in a further embodiment variant.
    The drive train 1 has an internal combustion engine 2 with one or more, for example three, cylinders 3, the drive shaft 4 via a trained as a spur gear 5 'with spur gears 5a, 5b mechanical transmission 5, at least one single-stage planetary gear 6 and a dual clutch 7 with a first electric machine 8 is drive-connected. The first clutch device Kl forming double clutch 7 has a first clutch 9 and a second clutch 10 to connect the first electric machine 8 with different transmission ratios with the drive shaft 4. With the first clutch 9, a direct rotary connection with the motor shaft 12 of the first electric machine 8 can thereby be made bypassing the Planetengethebes 6 via the intermediate shaft 11 connected to the mechanical transmission 5.
    Characterized in that the mechanical transmission 5 is designed as a form-fitting transmission, a safe run-up of the engine 2 can be ensured even under cold environmental conditions by the first electric machine 8. An additional auxiliary starter is not required. About the dual clutch 7 and the planetary gear 6, the flywheel formed by the first electric machine 8 can be connected with different speed translations with the mechanical transmission 5. By adjusting the speed of the flywheel, an optimal 11
    Torsional vibration compensation for different operating ranges of the internal combustion engine can be achieved.
    The dual clutch 7 has with the clutches 9, 10 advantageously double-acting switching elements, wherein the actuation of the clutches 9, 10 electromagnetically or hydraulically, for example, motor oil controlled, can take place.
    The planetary gear 6 has a sun gear 6a, planet gears 6b, which are mounted on a web 6c, and a ring gear 6d. Sun gear 6a, ring gear 6d and web 6c with planetary gears 6b are referred to herein as planetary gear elements. In the exemplary embodiment, the web 6c is rigidly connected to the intermediate shaft 11. The second clutch 10 is rotatably connected to the sun gear 6a. By engaging the second clutch 10, the motor shaft 12 via the sun gear 6, the planetary gears 6b and the planet carrier 6c with the intermediate shaft 11 are rotatably connected. The ring gear 6d is braked or fixed via a braking device 13. By engaging the second clutch 10 and simultaneous disengagement of the first clutch 9, the motor shaft 12 thus rotates at a lower speed than the intermediate shaft eleventh
    As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the motor shaft 12 of the electric machine 8 can optionally be extended beyond the end facing away from the double clutch 7 and act as a drive member for a first auxiliary unit 20, wherein the motor shaft 12 with a first drive shaft 21 of the first auxiliary unit 20 via a second coupling device K2 is rotatably connected. The first clutch device K1 and the second clutch device K2 are arranged on different end sides of the electric machine 8. The first auxiliary unit 20 may be formed, for example, by a screw compressor 22, for example a charge air compressor or an air conditioning compressor. The first auxiliary unit 20 can be driven independently of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 2 via the electric machine 8 when the electric machine 8 is decoupled from the internal combustion engine 2.
    In addition, the first auxiliary unit 20 can be driven purely mechanically via two gear ratios when the electric machine 8 is connected to and driven by the internal combustion engine 2.
    If the first auxiliary unit 20 is formed by a charge air compressor, a high charge pressure can already be achieved at low speeds of the internal combustion engine 2 when the charge air compressor is coupled. In medium load points, the charge air compressor can be operated both electrically and mechanically - depending on the state of charge of the vehicle battery - and supports the exhaust gas turbine of the turbocharger when boost pressure build-up. At high speeds of the internal combustion engine 2, the charge air compressor is decoupled and the exhaust gas turbine alone generates the boost pressure.
    If the first auxiliary unit 20 is formed by an air-conditioning compressor, the air-conditioning compressor can be operated electrically in the start-stop mode. When started internal combustion engine 2, the air compressor - depending on the state of charge of the vehicle battery - operated electrically and / or mechanically, or completely switched off on driver's request.
    FIGS. 9 and 10 show alternative embodiments in which a second auxiliary unit 30 is additionally driven via the extended motor shaft 12. Here, a connected to the first drive shaft 21 rotor 23 of the second auxiliary unit 30, and the first drive shaft 21 itself is hollow. Within the rotor 23 and within the first drive shaft 21, a second drive shaft 31 is arranged, which penetrates the first auxiliary unit 20 in the axial direction. The first drive shaft 21 is rotatably connectable to the motor shaft 12 via a first switchable shaft coupling 24 and the second drive shaft 31 with a second switchable shaft coupling 25 of the second coupling device K2 formed by an electromechanical double clutch 26.
    The second auxiliary unit 30 may be formed, for example, by a coolant pump 32. By coupling via the hollow first drive shaft 21 to the electric machine 8, the engine warm-up can be optimized. In cold start while the coolant pump 32 is turned off. At full load in the area of overheating, the coolant pump 32 can be driven at high speed via the electric machine 8. When the internal combustion engine 2 is switched off, the coolant pump 32 can also be operated as a follower pump in order to protect thermally critical components such as the cylinder head or exhaust gas turbine from overheating after full load operation. In addition, this discharged 13 15 * 06-2012 heat can be used for interior heating during start-stop operation. So far used additional coolant pumps could be eliminated.
    As shown in FIGS. 5 to 6, in addition, a second electric machine 14 can be integrated into the planetary gear 6, wherein the rotor of the second electric machine 14 can be fixedly connected to the ring gear 6 d or integrated into this. By the second electric machine 14, an additional drive torque can be applied, thus the first electric machine 8 and the second electric machine 14 together can apply an additional drive torque (boost function) to support the internal combustion engine 2. With the two electric machines 8, 14, the mass moment of inertia can also be variably varied continuously - as a function of the rotational nonuniformity to be compensated. In this case, both electric machines 8, 14 motor or generator, or one of the two electric machines motor and the other electric machine generator - operated variably with different speeds. A very effective compensation of the rotational irregularities can be achieved if the first clutch 9 disengaged and the second clutch 10 is engaged.
    FIGS. 7 and 8 show a simple embodiment in which an additional flywheel 18 is integrated into the planetary gear 6. The flywheel 18 is integrated into the ring gear 6d or firmly connected thereto. To compensate for rotational irregularities, the first electric machine 8 can be operated variably with different rotational speeds as a function of the rotational irregularities to be compensated for, with the first clutch 9 and a possible brake device 13 disengaged and the second clutch 10 engaged. The speed variation of the first electric machine 8, together with the additional flywheel 18, sets the desired inertia.
    The drive shaft 4 is connected via a third clutch 15 with a trained, for example, as a manual, automated or automatic transmission variable adjustment 16, wherein the spur gear 5 'is disposed between the engine 2 and the adjusting 16. 14
    In addition to the third clutch 15 may be arranged between the internal combustion engine 2 and the mechanical transmission 5, a fourth clutch 17, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 10.
    By providing the fourth clutch 17 is a purely electric driving - at least but a start - made possible by the two electric machines 8 and 14 by the internal combustion engine 2 is separated from the adjusting 16 by opening the fourth clutch 17. At the end of the starting process, the clutch 17 can be closed and thus the internal combustion engine 2 can be started at a correspondingly high speed. This enables efficiency-optimized start-up processes, especially for start-stop applications.
    Due to the dual clutch 7 with the first and the second clutch 9, 10 and the planetary gear 6 can be implemented in the described arrangement of the drive train 1 different operating strategies. By engaging the first clutch 9, a drive of the first electric machine 8 by the internal combustion engine 2 is made possible at high speed, creating a high moment of inertia. This operating mode is particularly suitable for reducing rotational nonuniformities during full load operation at low engine speed 2.
    At higher speed and low load, the first clutch 9 is disengaged and the second clutch 10 is engaged, whereby now the first electric machine 8 is driven at a relatively low speed, and thus a lower mass moment of inertia arises. During starting of the internal combustion engine 2, this is rotated by the first electric machine 8. A reasonably high starting torque is generated when the first clutch 9 is engaged and the second clutch 10 is disengaged.
    The first electric machine 8 and / or the second electric machine 14 can also be used in recuperation operation. For this purpose, depending on the state of charge of the electrical storage and depending on the speed of the internal combustion engine 2, the first clutch 9 or the second clutch 10 is engaged, in each case the other clutch 10 and 9 is disengaged 15. If no charge of the electrical storage is required, so both clutches 9, 10 disengaged and thus the electric machines 8, 14 are separated from the internal combustion engine 2.
    In order to enable a compact and low-noise construction of the mechanical transmission 5, the drive shaft 4 may be decoupled from the motor shaft 12. For this purpose, as can be seen in FIG. 12, at least one spur gear 5a of the spur gear 5 'is formed with a decoupling element 35 formed by an elastomer element between the sprocket 36 having the gearing 36' and a spider flange 37 of a gear spider 38 with hub. As a result, a massive version of the mechanical transmission 5 can be avoided with increased gear width and the vibration and sound pollution can be reduced. Alternatively or in addition to the spur gear 5a, the decoupling element 35 can also be arranged on the spur gear 5b or an additional intermediate gear (not further shown) arranged between the two spur gears 5a, 5b. The decoupling element 35 may also be formed in the drive or intermediate shaft 4, 11. As an alternative to an elastomer element, the decoupling element can also be formed by a mechanical spring system.
    Depending on the operating state of the vehicle, various switching combinations of the clutches can be carried out: The first shifting clutch 9 can be engaged in a first operating range of the internal combustion engine 2 and the second shifting clutch 10 can be disengaged. • The second clutch 10 can be engaged in a second operating range of the internal combustion engine 2 and the first clutch 9 are disengaged. • The first clutch 9 can be engaged during a starting operation of the internal combustion engine 2 and the second clutch 10 are disengaged. • Depending on the state of charge of an electrical energy storage, the first or the second clutch 9; 10 engaged and the other clutch 10; 9 are disengaged. 16 • the first and the second clutch 9; 10 can be disengaged when the state of charge of the electrical energy storage exceeds a limit. The first operating range of the internal combustion engine 2 can be assigned to at least one range of low speed, preferably between about 1200 and 2000 rpm, and at the same time high part load or full load. The second operating range can be assigned to at least one low or medium part-load range of the internal combustion engine 2 at high speed, preferably above 2000 rpm. In at least one operating region of the vehicle, via the motor-driven first electric machine 8, preferably also via motor, the second electric machine 14 can be provided with an additional drive torque for driving the vehicle to assist the internal combustion engine 2, the first or the second Clutch 9, 10 are engaged. • The first electric machine 8 can be operated as a function of the rotational irregularities to be compensated by motor or generator variable with different speeds, preferably the first clutch 9 is disengaged and the second clutch 10 is engaged. The two electric machines 8, 14 can be operated variably with different rotational speeds as a function of the rotational irregularities to be compensated - both motor, both regenerative, or one motor and one regenerative, wherein preferably the first shift clutch 9 is disengaged and the second shift clutch 10 is engaged.
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    A drive train (1) for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine (2), with at least one first electrical machine (8) whose motor shaft (12) is connected to a drive shaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (2) via a mechanical transmission (5 ), and with at least one between internal combustion engine (2) and first electric machine (8) in the drive train (1) arranged planetary gear (6) which the planetary gear sun gear (6a), ring gear (6d) and web (6c) with at least a planetary gear (6b), wherein the first electric machine (8) via at least one first coupling means (Kl) with the planetary gear (6) is drive connectable, and the drive shaft (4) of the internal combustion engine (2) and the motor shaft (12) of first electric machine (8) are arranged parallel to one another, in particular on the same side with respect to the mechanical transmission (5), characterized in that the first coupling device (Kl) as a double clutch (7) with a first and a second clutch (9, 10) is formed, wherein the first clutch (9) is adapted to the motor shaft (12) of the first electric machine (8) directly to the mechanical To connect transmission (5), and the second clutch (10) is adapted to connect the motor shaft (12) of the first electric machine (8) with a first planetary gear element, preferably with the sun gear (6a).
    [2]
    2. Drive train (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that with the motor shaft (12) of the electric machine (8) at least a first drive shaft (21) of a first auxiliary unit (20) is drive-connected, preferably between the first drive shaft (21 ) of the first auxiliary unit (20) and the motor shaft (12) of the electric machine (8), a second coupling means (K2) is arranged.
    [3]
    3. Drive train (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the second coupling device (K2) by a - preferably electromechanical - first switchable shaft coupling (24) is formed or has such. 18
    [4]
    4. Drive train (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first coupling device (Kl) and the second coupling device (K2) are arranged on different end faces of the electric machine (8).
    [5]
    5. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that with the motor shaft (12) of the electric machine (8) has a second drive shaft (31) of a second auxiliary unit (30), preferably via a second switchable shaft coupling ( 25), is drive connectable.
    [6]
    6. Drive train (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the second coupling device (K2) by a - preferably electromechanical - double clutch (26) having a first and a second switchable shaft coupling (24, 25) is formed.
    [7]
    7. drive train (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first auxiliary unit (20) in the axial direction between the electric machine (8) and the second auxiliary unit (30) is arranged.
    [8]
    8. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the first auxiliary unit (20) has at least one hollow rotor (23) which is drivingly connected to the hollow shaft formed as the first drive shaft (21), wherein the second drive shaft (31) is at least partially disposed within the rotor (23) and the first drive shaft (21) and preferably penetrates the first auxiliary unit (20) in the axial direction.
    [9]
    9. drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first auxiliary unit (20) by a mechanical compressor, preferably a screw compressor (22), particularly preferably by a charge air compressor or an air compressor is formed.
    [10]
    10. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the second auxiliary unit (30) by a coolant pump (32) is formed. 19
    [11]
    11. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a second planetary gear element, preferably the web (6c), fixed to an intermediate shaft (11) of the mechanical transmission (5) is connected.
    [12]
    12. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least a third planetary gear element, preferably the ring gear (6d), by a braking device (13) is fixable.
    [13]
    13. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the planetary gear (6), a second electric machine (14) is integrated, the rotor with a planetary gear element - preferably with the ring gear (6d) - firmly connected or integrally formed therewith.
    [14]
    14. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the mechanical transmission (5) in the drive path between the internal combustion engine (2) and an adjusting mechanism (16), preferably a manual transmission is arranged, preferably between the mechanical transmission (5) and the adjusting mechanism (16), a third clutch (15) is arranged.
    [15]
    15. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that in the drive path between the internal combustion engine (2) and mechanical transmission (5) a fourth clutch (17) is arranged.
    [16]
    16. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the mechanical transmission (5) is designed as a form-locking transmission with a constant ratio, preferably as a spur gear (5 ') /.
    [17]
    17. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that in the planetary gear (6) at least one flywheel (18) is integrated, wherein the flywheel (18) with a planetary gear element - preferably with the ring gear (6d) - Is firmly connected or integrally formed with this. 20
    [18]
    18. Drive train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the drive shaft (4) from the motor shaft (12), preferably from the intermediate shaft (11), is decoupled vibration technology.
    [19]
    19. Drive train (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that at least one part, preferably at least one spur gear (5 a) of the mechanical transmission (5) and / or the planetary gear (6) has at least one vibration-decoupling element (35) Preferably, the Entkoppelungselement (35) by an elastomeric element or a spring element in the drive train (1) is formed. 2012 06 14 Fu / Bt
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT512047B1|2013-05-15|
    AT512035B1|2013-05-15|
    AT512047A4|2013-05-15|
    AT512443B1|2013-12-15|
    DE102013100880A1|2013-08-01|
    DE102013100883A1|2013-08-01|
    AT512035A4|2013-05-15|
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    法律状态:
    2021-02-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200614 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50016/2012A|AT512047B1|2012-02-01|2012-02-01|DRIVE TRAY FOR ONE VEHICLE|
    ATA50233/2012A|AT512443B1|2012-02-01|2012-06-14|powertrain|ATA50233/2012A| AT512443B1|2012-02-01|2012-06-14|powertrain|
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